{"id":443094,"date":"2025-01-02T11:09:07","date_gmt":"2025-01-02T08:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/?p=443094"},"modified":"2025-12-08T19:05:39","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T16:05:39","slug":"solar-panels-in-spain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/cs\/articles\/life-in-spain\/solar-panels-in-spain","title":{"rendered":"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: odpov\u011bdi na hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alternativn\u00edch zdroj\u016f energie je dnes celosv\u011btov\u00fdm trendem a nepochybn\u011b se postavilo na stranu ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Racion\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nevy\u010derpateln\u00fdch a obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje nejen u\u010dinit krok k z\u00e1chran\u011b \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed p\u0159ed toxick\u00fdm odpadem, ale tak\u00e9 pozitivn\u011b p\u016fsobit na na\u0161e zdrav\u00ed a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00faspory v r\u00e1mci cel\u00e9 republiky: proto je nyn\u00ed my\u0161lenka maximalizace vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ekologicky \u0161etrn\u00fdch druh\u016f energie pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely aktu\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edve. Kdy\u017e se mluv\u00ed o slunn\u00e9m \u0160pan\u011blsku, jeho\u017e pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed je h\u00fd\u010dk\u00e1no sluncem v\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i sta dn\u00ed v roce, okam\u017eit\u011b p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na mysl my\u0161lenka vhodnosti instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f v soukrom\u00e9m bydlen\u00ed, ale pak p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na mysl cel\u00e1 \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1zek:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 typy sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f existuj\u00ed?<\/li>\n<li>Kolik stoj\u00ed instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku?<\/li>\n<li>Jak\u00e1 je doba n\u00e1vratnosti sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f?<\/li>\n<li>Je sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie ve \u0160pan\u011blsku zdan\u011bna?<\/li>\n<li>Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely po instalaci \u00fadr\u017ebu?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Promluvme si o v\u0161em podrobn\u011bji.<\/p>\n<h2>Typy sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-443107 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/IMG_1324-1024x614.jpeg\" alt=\"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: odpov\u011bdi na hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/IMG_1324-1024x614.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/IMG_1324-300x180.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/IMG_1324-768x461.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/IMG_1324.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/> Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panel se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z panel\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00edmi sou\u010d\u00e1stmi syst\u00e9mu spot\u0159eby sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie. P\u0159ed rozhodnut\u00edm o jejich instalaci je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit, jak funguj\u00ed, a pot\u00e9 vybrat model, kter\u00fd bude nejl\u00e9pe vyhovovat pot\u0159eb\u00e1m ka\u017ed\u00e9ho majitele domu. Tak\u017ee v z\u00e1vislosti na jejich \u00fa\u010delu se sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely d\u011bl\u00ed na fotovoltaick\u00e9, tepeln\u00e9 a hybridn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Fotovoltaick\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely<\/h3>\n<p>Moduly tohoto syst\u00e9mu p\u0159em\u011b\u0148uj\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energii na elekt\u0159inu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm fotovoltaick\u00fdch instalac\u00ed. Fotovoltaick\u00e9 panely v baterii zahrnuj\u00ed soubor prvk\u016f, obvykle vyroben\u00fdch z k\u0159em\u00edku, kter\u00fd je d\u00edky sv\u00fdm polovodi\u010dov\u00fdm vlastnostem \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b energie. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u010distoty pou\u017eit\u00e9ho k\u0159em\u00edku existuj\u00ed t\u0159i typy fotovoltaick\u00fdch sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f: <strong>Monokrystalick\u00e9 panely.<\/strong> Skl\u00e1daj\u00ed se z \u010dist\u00e9ho k\u0159em\u00edku, kter\u00fd pro\u0161el n\u011bkolika krystaliza\u010dn\u00edmi f\u00e1zemi za vzniku jedin\u00e9ho typu krystalu. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 zde nejslo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed proces, ale nejlep\u0161\u00ed vlastnosti m\u00e1 samotn\u00fd model, proto je jeho cena nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed. <strong>Polykrystalick\u00e9<\/strong> <strong>panely<\/strong> jsou tak\u00e9 vyrobeny z \u010dist\u00fdch k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdch prvk\u016f, ale podl\u00e9haj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b krystaliza\u010dn\u00edm f\u00e1z\u00edm, co\u017e vede k tvorb\u011b n\u011bkolika typ\u016f krystal\u016f. \u00da\u010dinnost tohoto typu panel\u016f je o n\u011bco ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e \u00fa\u010dinnost monokrystalick\u00fdch, ale p\u0159esto jsou tak\u00e9 pom\u011brn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. <strong>Amorfn\u00ed panely.<\/strong> Tento typ baterie je vyroben z nekrystalizovan\u00fdch k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdch prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed jednotnou barvu. Jedn\u00e1 se o nejekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed model sol\u00e1rn\u00ed baterie, ale jeho \u00fa\u010dinnost je v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u p\u0159edchoz\u00edch dvou. Pro generov\u00e1n\u00ed stejn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu tedy bude nutn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt minim\u00e1ln\u011b dvojn\u00e1sobek panel\u016f. Mezi v\u00fdhody pat\u0159\u00ed flexibilita designu, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje snadn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed jak\u00e9mukoli typu povrchu. V\u00fdkon sol\u00e1rn\u00edho panelu v:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>monokrystalick\u00e1 baterie \u2013 18-23 %<\/li>\n<li>polykrystalick\u00e1 baterie \u2013 14-17 %<\/li>\n<li>amorfn\u00ed baterie \u2013 8-12 %.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podle po\u010dtu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f se rozli\u0161uj\u00ed tyto typy fotovoltaick\u00fdch panel\u016f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely 12 V:<\/strong> skl\u00e1daj\u00ed se z 36 \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, s v\u00fdkonem 5 a\u017e 200 W. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se hlavn\u011b v mal\u00fdch izolovan\u00fdch instalac\u00edch nebo pro soukromou spot\u0159ebu v obytn\u00fdch automobilech.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely 24 V:<\/strong> obsahuj\u00ed 72 sol\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a maj\u00ed v\u00fdkon 200 a\u017e 450 W. Tento typ modulu je vhodn\u00fd pro izolovan\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysok\u00fd v\u00fdkon v omezen\u00e9m prostoru a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se tak\u00e9 v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010derpac\u00edch syst\u00e9mech.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fotovoltaick\u00e9 panely:<\/strong> slou\u017e\u00ed k p\u0159ipojen\u00ed do s\u00edt\u011b. Tyto moduly se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z 60 sol\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f a maj\u00ed v\u00fdkon 250 a\u017e 400 W a jsou ur\u010deny pro syst\u00e9my p\u0159ipojiteln\u00e9 k elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edti, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se nap\u0159\u00edklad pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed baterie v soukrom\u00fdch domech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Tepeln\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely<\/h3>\n<p>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 panely se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed kolektory. Jejich syst\u00e9m m\u00e1 funkci p\u0159em\u011bny slune\u010dn\u00ed energie na teplo k oh\u0159evu kapaliny a t\u00edm k v\u00fdrob\u011b tepl\u00e9 vody a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed. Existuj\u00ed dva typy sol\u00e1rn\u00edch kolektor\u016f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Nekoncentra\u010dn\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed kolektory<\/strong> : pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kde nejsou po\u017eadov\u00e1ny teploty nad 90\u00baC, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad oh\u0159ev tepl\u00e9 vody.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Koncentrovan\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 kolektory<\/strong> : Tyto centralizuj\u00ed svou energii do jednoho bodu, aby zv\u00fd\u0161ily teplotu tekutiny nad 90 \u00b0C, tak\u017ee se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Hybridn\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely<\/h3>\n<p>Tento typ sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kombinaci fotovoltaick\u00e9 a tepeln\u00e9 technologie. Hybridn\u00ed panely jsou tedy schopny vyr\u00e1b\u011bt elekt\u0159inu a teplo sou\u010dasn\u011b. Tento model je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n, ale m\u00e1 velmi dobr\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky d\u00edky v\u00fdhod\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed: Syst\u00e9m 2 v 1: pro vyu\u017eit\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed fotovoltaick\u00e9 a tepeln\u00e9 energie je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed plocha. Rychl\u00e1 doba zotaven\u00ed pro spot\u0159ebovanou energii.<\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e1klady na instalaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-443109 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/54_new.jpeg\" alt=\"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: odpov\u011bdi na hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/54_new.jpeg 800w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/54_new-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/54_new-768x432.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/> Cena sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f se ve \u0160pan\u011blsku pohybuje v pr\u016fm\u011bru od 100 do 400 \u20ac za jednotku (panel). Kone\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka bude z\u00e1viset na n\u011bkolika faktorech, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zna\u010dka v\u00fdrobce.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdkon sol\u00e1rn\u00ed baterie (W).<\/li>\n<li>Modul\u00e1rn\u00ed technologie (monokrystalick\u00e9, polykrystalick\u00e9, hybridn\u00ed)<\/li>\n<li>Dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 slu\u017eby (nap\u0159. panely s technologi\u00ed PERC). Co je technologie PERC? Zahrnuje p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed reflexn\u00ed vrstvy na zadn\u00ed stranu fotovoltaick\u00e9ho panelu pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed absorpce slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9 ceny panel\u016f podle pou\u017eit\u00e9 technologie a \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu modulu (W): Monokrystalick\u00e9 panely o v\u00fdkonu 50-100W \u2013 cena 50-100\u20ac<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>100-200 W \u2013 cena 100-100\u20ac<\/li>\n<li>200-450 W \u2013 cena 200-400\u20ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Polykrystalick\u00e9 panely o v\u00fdkonu 50-100W \u2013 cena 40-80\u20ac<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>100-200 W \u2013 cena 130-175\u20ac<\/li>\n<li>200-450 W \u2013 cena 175-375\u20ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely nejsou jedin\u00fdm prvkem fotovoltaick\u00e9 instalace. Kone\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na syst\u00e9m sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f tak\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ostatn\u00ed fotovoltaick\u00e9 komponenty (sol\u00e1rn\u00ed invertor, baterie, regul\u00e1tor nab\u00edjen\u00ed atd.).<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1klady na uveden\u00ed syst\u00e9mu sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f do provozu.<\/li>\n<li>Nezbytn\u00e1 dokumentace pro legalizaci fotovoltaick\u00e9 instalace v dom\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kolik sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f pot\u0159ebujete pro sv\u016fj d\u016fm? Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na spot\u0159eb\u011b energie konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do 2000 kWh \u2013 2-4 ks.<\/li>\n<li>2000-5000 kWh \u2013 5-7 ks.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00edce ne\u017e 5000 kWh \u2013 od 7 ks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[toto m\u00edsto]<\/p>\n<h2>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: je to ziskov\u00e9?<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-443110 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: odpov\u011bdi na hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/> Ano, instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku se st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le racion\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Pro stanoven\u00ed ziskovosti soukrom\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f spot\u0159eby energie je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee jejich \u017eivotnost je cca 25 let a investovan\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka se vr\u00e1t\u00ed cca za 7 let, ale je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee doba n\u00e1vratnosti fotovoltaick\u00e9ho projektu bude z\u00e1viset na n\u011bkolika faktorech, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 poloha nemovitosti. \u0160pan\u011blsko je jednou z evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtem slune\u010dn\u00fdch dn\u00ed v roce, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee instalace sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f bude p\u0159\u00ednosem v kter\u00e9koli z jeho provinci\u00ed. Mezi jihem a severem poloostrova jsou v\u0161ak velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v po\u010dtu hodin slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu. Stejn\u00fd fotovoltaick\u00fd syst\u00e9m v Andalusii se tak zaplat\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e kdyby byl instalov\u00e1n na severu, \u0159ekn\u011bme, v Galicii.<\/li>\n<li>Ro\u010dn\u00ed spot\u0159eba energie (kWh): tento \u00fadaj je nezbytn\u00fd pro spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det p\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru fotovoltaick\u00e9 instalace. Instalat\u00e9r panel\u016f bude schopen p\u0159izp\u016fsobit v\u00fdrobu sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie dob\u00e1m \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 popt\u00e1vky, kter\u00e9 se shoduj\u00ed s hodinami slune\u010dn\u00edho svitu. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017eete odhadnout po\u010det kilowatthodin, kter\u00e9 sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely dok\u00e1\u017eou ve va\u0161\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti vygenerovat.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Jsou ve \u0160pan\u011blsku dan\u011b na sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energii?<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-443111 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: odpov\u011bdi na hlavn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/alegria-realestate.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Paneles-solares-en-Espan\u0303a.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/> D\u016fle\u017eitou ot\u00e1zkou, kter\u00e1 mnoh\u00e9 tr\u00e1p\u00ed, je, zda je nutn\u00e9 platit da\u0148 za instalaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f pro osobn\u00ed spot\u0159ebu? M\u00e1me pro v\u00e1s skv\u011blou zpr\u00e1vu: aktu\u00e1ln\u011b se ve \u0160pan\u011blsku neplat\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 da\u0148 za instalaci fotovoltaick\u00fdch modul\u016f ani za energii, kterou lze z t\u011bchto panel\u016f z\u00edskat pro vlastn\u00ed spot\u0159ebu, pokud samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nezohledn\u00edte DPH zahrnut\u00e9 v cen\u011b instalace. Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee \u0160pan\u011blsko zpo\u010d\u00e1tku p\u0159ijalo nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti alternativn\u00edch energetick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, a stalo se to takto: Jos\u00e9 Manuel Soria, ministr pr\u016fmyslu, energetiky a cestovn\u00edho ruchu, kter\u00fd zast\u00e1val sv\u016fj post od prosince 2011 do dubna 2016, byl inici\u00e1torem a ideologem rezervn\u00ed dan\u011b, kterou lid\u00e9 okam\u017eit\u011b nazvali \u201eslune\u010dn\u00ed dan\u00ed\u201c, ale n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona byl schv\u00e1len v \u0159\u00edjnu2015. Dne 5. \u0159\u00edjna 2018 \u2013 pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i roky po jej\u00edm zaveden\u00ed \u2013 v\u0161ak ministryn\u011b pro ekologickou transformaci Teresa Ribera (ano, \u0160pan\u011blsko takovou v\u011bc m\u00e1), ozn\u00e1mila konec kontroverzn\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00ed dan\u011b. Provedla tak\u00e9 \u0159adu reforem, naopak povzbuzovala ob\u010dany k vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alternativn\u00edch zdroj\u016f v zemi. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je zaveden cel\u00fd syst\u00e9m d\u00e1vek, kter\u00fd se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na regionu bydli\u0161t\u011b. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad se pod\u00edvejme na pob\u00eddky a kompenzace za instalaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f dostupn\u00e9 ve Valencijsk\u00e9m spole\u010denstv\u00ed v provincii Alicante:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IBI Bonus (da\u0148 z nemovitosti) \u2013 50% sr\u00e1\u017eka po dobu t\u0159\u00ed let;<\/li>\n<li>ICIO sleva (da\u0148 ze stavby, instalace a pr\u00e1ce) \u2013 50 %;<\/li>\n<li>Region\u00e1ln\u00ed pomoc (Ayudas auton\u00f3micas) \u2013 vztahuje se individu\u00e1ln\u011b na ur\u010dit\u00e9 kategorie ob\u010dan\u016f;<\/li>\n<li>Odpo\u010det IRPF, da\u0148 z p\u0159\u00edjmu fyzick\u00fdch osob (uplat\u0148uje se p\u0159i pod\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed k dani z p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f). Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e \u2013 20 % investice do fotovoltaick\u00e9 instalace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00dadr\u017eba sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: jak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my mohou nastat? Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u00fadr\u017eba sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f nevy\u017eaduje m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed investice. Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u010das p\u0159ijmout preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, aby bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee sol\u00e1rn\u00ed moduly budou pracovat se \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9my s fotovoltaick\u00fdmi panely vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z d\u016fvodu n\u00e1kupu nekvalitn\u00edch modul\u016f, nebo z d\u016fvodu, \u017ee mont\u00e9r spr\u00e1vn\u011b nenainstaloval komponenty konstrukce. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poruchy jsou: \u201ehork\u00e1 m\u00edsta\u201c: jejich v\u00fdskyt m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsoben p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00edm spojen\u00ed mezi sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi \u010dl\u00e1nky. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o velmi mal\u00e9 skvrny, kter\u00e9 sice nesni\u017euj\u00ed v\u00fdkon, ale \u010dasem se stanou znateln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a mohou nakonec v\u00e9st k prasklin\u00e1m. Konstruk\u010dn\u00ed koroze: Tento typ poruchy se vyskytuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u modul\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed vady a jsou vystaveny kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed teplot, de\u0161ti a oxidaci. Aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, je nutn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u010cist\u011bte a vizu\u00e1ln\u011b kontrolujte sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159i a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce, abyste se ujistili, \u017ee na modulech nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 m\u00edsta se zm\u011bn\u011bnou barvou.<\/li>\n<li>Kontrola fotovoltaick\u00fdch nosn\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed na deformace nebo praskliny (minim\u00e1ln\u011b 1x ro\u010dn\u011b).<\/li>\n<li>Kontrola stavu sol\u00e1rn\u00edho invertoru. Doporu\u010duje se z n\u011bj m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b odstra\u0148ovat data a ka\u017ed\u00fdch \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f \u010distit filtry za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed detekce jak\u00fdchkoliv anom\u00e1li\u00ed ve fotovoltaick\u00e9 instalaci ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nevy\u017eaduje \u00fa\u010dast majitele panelu a prob\u00edh\u00e1 d\u00edky speci\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikaci pro fotovoltaick\u00fd monitoring. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jak\u00fdchkoliv probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba opravit, u\u017eivatel obdr\u017e\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi informacemi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm e-mailu nebo sms textov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. Pokud k takov\u00e9 situaci dojde, m\u011bl by u\u017eivatel upozornit kvalifikovan\u00e9ho technika, aby provedl n\u00e1pravnou \u00fadr\u017ebu. Obvykle v\u0161echny velk\u00e9 licencovan\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed instalaci sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f nab\u00edzej\u00ed sv\u00fdm z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm bezplatn\u00fd\/zlevn\u011bn\u00fd z\u00e1ru\u010dn\u00ed servis po dobu n\u011bkolika let. Douf\u00e1me, \u017ee pro v\u00e1s byly dne\u0161n\u00ed informace o vyu\u017eit\u00ed sol\u00e1rn\u00edch panel\u016f ve \u0160pan\u011blsku u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 a zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, brzy se uvid\u00edme na na\u0161em webu!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed alternativn\u00edch zdroj\u016f energie je dnes celosv\u011btov\u00fdm trendem a\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":443105,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74,960],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-443094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-life-in-spain","category-useful-information"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: instalace, \u00fadr\u017eba, n\u00e1klady, \u00faspory a n\u00e1vratnost<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0438 \u0432 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0422\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0418\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Praktick\u00fd pr\u016fvodce sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energi\u00ed ve \u0160pan\u011blsku: typy syst\u00e9m\u016f (on-grid\/off-grid\/hybrid), povolen\u00ed a pravidla autoconsumo, dotace a pob\u00eddky 40\u201360 %, kompenzace p\u0159ebytk\u016f, servis a z\u00e1ruky, v\u00fdpo\u010dty n\u00e1vratnosti podle region\u016f.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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